2025年12月15日，歐洲安全格局出現關鍵性轉折。德國、法國、英國、義大利、波蘭、芬蘭、挪威、瑞典、荷蘭等九個歐洲國家，連同歐盟機構領導人共同發表聯合聲明，正式宣布將推動一支「由歐洲主導、由美國支持」的多國部隊，以實質行動協助烏克蘭，同時提出一套中長期的對烏安全保障框架。這項聲明不僅標誌著歐洲在烏克蘭問題上角色的明顯升級，也象徵歐洲開始承擔更大的戰略責任，而不再完全依賴美國單方面主導。

根據聲明內容，這支多國部隊的任務並不限於象徵性駐防，而是將直接參與協助烏克蘭重建與現代化其武裝力量，並強化烏克蘭對領空與海域的防衛能力。行動範圍明確涵蓋烏克蘭境內，顯示歐洲已準備承擔一定程度的實地安全風險。與此同時，烏克蘭軍方規模預計將長期維持在約八十萬人左右，藉由龐大的常備兵力與歐洲支援形成雙重威懾，防止衝突再度升高。

在安全保障層面，聲明中特別提出建立一套由美國主導、但有多國參與的停火監督與核查機制。該機制將負責即時監測潛在攻擊跡象，對任何違反停火協議的行為做出回應，並降低突發軍事衝突的風險。歐洲方面也強調，凡是涉及烏克蘭領土的任何政治安排，都必須建立在安全保障真正落實之後，並且只能由烏克蘭人民自行決定，此舉被視為對外界關於「以領土換和平」疑慮的明確回應。

在國際政治表態上，美國總統川普公開表示，目前是「比以往任何時候都更接近達成和平協議的時刻」，並指出他持續與俄羅斯總統普京以及歐洲多國領袖保持對話，各方在結束衝突這一目標上存在共識。這番言論被解讀為美國試圖在保持影響力的同時，將更多實際責任轉交給歐洲盟友，以符合其「支持但不全面主導」的戰略調整方向。

烏克蘭總統澤連斯基則針對外界傳聞迅速澄清，強調美方並未要求烏克蘭在領土問題上作出讓步。他表示，目前討論中的安全保障文件已「非常接近完成」，但仍需在細節與執行層面進一步完善，確保其不僅停留在政治承諾，而是具備實際約束力與可操作性。

此外，歐洲各國在聲明中也重申對烏克蘭加入歐盟的長期支持，並將戰後重建視為歐洲整體安全與經濟穩定的一環。同時，部分國家已開始研究在法律與外交層面，要求俄羅斯對戰爭造成的損失承擔賠償責任。德國更進一步宣布深化與烏克蘭的防務合作，包括設立專門的軍工聯絡機構，以及展開無人機等先進軍事裝備的聯合生產計畫，顯示合作已從短期軍援邁向結構性、長期化。

整體而言，這份聯合聲明象徵歐洲正逐步建立一套以自身為核心的安全架構，在美國支持下形成新的跨大西洋分工模式。對烏克蘭而言，這不僅意味著短期安全獲得更堅實的保障，也代表其未來的政治走向與戰後重建，將更深度地與歐洲體系綁定。對國際社會來說，這場衝突的處理方式，已成為檢驗新世界安全秩序的重要試金石。

On December 15, 2025, Europe’s security landscape reached a critical turning point. Leaders from nine European countries—Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Poland, Finland, Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands—together with officials from EU institutions, issued a joint statement announcing plans to establish a multinational force led by Europe and supported by the United States to assist Ukraine. At the same time, they unveiled a medium- to long-term security guarantee framework for Ukraine. This declaration not only signals a significant escalation of Europe’s role in the Ukraine issue, but also marks a clear shift toward greater European strategic responsibility, reducing reliance on unilateral U.S. leadership.

According to the statement, the mission of the multinational force goes far beyond symbolic deployment. It will directly assist Ukraine in rebuilding and modernizing its armed forces, while strengthening the country’s ability to defend its airspace and maritime security. The operational scope explicitly includes Ukrainian territory, demonstrating that European nations are prepared to assume a certain level of on-the-ground security risk. Meanwhile, Ukraine’s military is expected to maintain a long-term force of approximately 800,000 personnel, creating a dual deterrence structure that combines large standing forces with European support to prevent renewed escalation of the conflict.

On the security guarantee front, the statement highlights the establishment of a ceasefire monitoring and verification mechanism led by the United States with international participation. This mechanism will be responsible for providing early warnings of potential attacks, responding to violations of ceasefire agreements, and reducing the risk of sudden military flare-ups. European leaders also emphasized that any political decisions involving Ukrainian territory must only be made after security guarantees are fully in place and must ultimately be decided by the Ukrainian people themselves. This was widely interpreted as a direct response to concerns about “trading territory for peace.”

In terms of international political reactions, U.S. President Donald Trump stated publicly that “we are closer than ever before to reaching a peace agreement,” noting that he remains in dialogue with Russian President Vladimir Putin and European leaders. He emphasized that all parties share a common interest in ending the conflict. Observers interpret these remarks as an indication that the United States is seeking to maintain influence while shifting more operational responsibility to its European allies, consistent with a strategy of support without full-scale leadership.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy moved quickly to address external speculation, stressing that the United States has not demanded territorial concessions from Ukraine. He stated that the security guarantee document is “very close to completion,” but still requires further refinement in terms of details and implementation to ensure that it goes beyond political declarations and possesses real enforceability and practical effect.

The joint statement also reaffirmed Europe’s long-term support for Ukraine’s accession to the European Union, framing postwar reconstruction as an integral component of Europe’s broader security and economic stability. At the same time, some countries have begun exploring legal and diplomatic avenues to seek compensation from Russia for war-related damages. Germany, in particular, announced deeper defense cooperation with Ukraine, including the establishment of dedicated defense-industry liaison offices and joint production of advanced military equipment such as drones, signaling a shift from short-term military aid toward structural and long-term cooperation.

Overall, the joint declaration reflects Europe’s gradual construction of a security architecture centered on its own leadership, operating with U.S. support under a new transatlantic division of responsibilities. For Ukraine, this development not only strengthens short-term security guarantees but also further anchors its political future and postwar reconstruction within the European system. For the international community, the way this conflict is managed has become a crucial test of the emerging global security order.