2025年11月28日，中國人民銀行聯同多個金融監管部門公佈新版《金融機構客戶盡職調查和客戶身份資料及交易記錄保存管理辦法》。新版規範明確要求，金融機構今後應以「風險為本」的方式對客戶展開盡職調查，在防範洗錢與提升金融服務便利度之間尋求更合理的平衡。這次修訂最受關注的變化之一，是取消過去沿用多年的舊規定──個人存取現金只要超過五萬元就必須登記資金來源的措施正式廢止。換言之，銀行不再對所有大額現金交易一律要求說明用途，長期以來讓民眾感到不便的「一刀切式詢問」也隨之結束。

新規上路後，銀行是否需要額外詢問客戶細節，將不取決於單純的金額門檻，而是取決於客戶與交易本身是否具備較高風險。如果交易出現來源不明、頻繁大額流動或與一般行為不符等異常情況，銀行將啟動較嚴格的盡職調查，要求瞭解資金來源與用途；若客戶屬於低風險群體，交易又長期保持穩定透明，金融機構便能採用更為簡化的程式，只需完成基本的身份核驗即可，不再強制收集額外資訊。

從制度設計角度來看，新版《管理辦法》以動態的風險評估機制取代舊有的固定金額判斷，目的在於降低對普通民眾日常金融行為的幹擾，同時將監管資源聚焦於真正具高風險疑慮的交易，提高反洗錢工作的精準度。各金融機構仍需保存完整的客戶資料與交易紀錄，做為未來調查可疑行為的重要基礎。

對於一般民眾而言，這些變化意味著存取現金的流程將變得更順暢，尤其是常需要處理現金的職業或家庭，不必再因偶爾超過五萬元而反覆填寫表格、接受詢問。然而，若個人交易行為出現不尋常波動，即便金額不大，也可能被要求進一步說明，銀行的關注將更多落在「行為風險」而非「金額」本身。

站在整個金融體系的角度，修訂後的制度標誌著反洗錢監管邁向更靈活、更具針對性的方向，使監管機構能夠集中力量監控真正的可疑資金流動，同時避免對低風險交易造成過度阻礙。這種以風險導向、分層管理為核心的模式，也逐步與國際反洗錢標準接軌，使中國的金融監管更加現代化、精準化。

On November 28, 2025, the People’s Bank of China, together with several financial regulatory authorities, announced the revised Measures for the Administration of Customer Due Diligence, Customer Identity Information, and Transaction Record Preservation for Financial Institutions. The new regulations explicitly require financial institutions to conduct customer due diligence based on a “risk-based” approach, aiming to strike a more reasonable balance between preventing money laundering and improving the convenience of financial services. One of the most notable changes in this revision is the formal removal of a long-standing rule: individuals no longer need to register the source of funds for cash deposits or withdrawals exceeding 50,000 RMB. In other words, banks are no longer required to uniformly ask customers to explain the purpose of every large cash transaction, ending the “one-size-fits-all” approach that had long caused inconvenience to the public.

Under the new rules, whether banks need to ask additional questions will no longer depend solely on a fixed amount threshold. Instead, it will be determined by the risk level associated with the customer and the transaction itself. If a transaction shows unusual patterns, such as unclear sources of funds, frequent large transfers, or behaviors inconsistent with normal activity, banks will conduct enhanced due diligence to verify the source and purpose of funds. Conversely, for low-risk customers whose transactions remain stable and transparent, banks may adopt simplified procedures, requiring only basic identity verification without collecting additional information.

From a regulatory design perspective, the revised measures replace the old fixed-amount threshold with a dynamic risk assessment mechanism. The aim is to reduce interference with ordinary people’s daily financial activities while focusing regulatory resources on truly high-risk transactions, thereby improving the precision of anti-money-laundering efforts. Financial institutions are still required to maintain complete customer information and transaction records as an essential basis for investigating suspicious activities in the future.

For ordinary citizens, these changes mean that the process of depositing and withdrawing cash will become more convenient. People who frequently handle cash, whether in their profession or daily life, will no longer need to repeatedly fill out forms or provide explanations simply because a transaction slightly exceeds 50,000 RMB. However, if individual transaction patterns show unusual fluctuations, even for smaller amounts, further explanations may be requested. The focus of banks will shift more toward “behavioral risk” rather than purely the transaction amount.

From the perspective of the financial system as a whole, the revised regulations represent a move toward more flexible and targeted anti-money-laundering oversight. Regulatory authorities can concentrate their efforts on monitoring genuinely suspicious fund flows while avoiding excessive interference with low-risk, legitimate transactions. This risk-based, tiered management approach also aligns China’s regulatory framework more closely with international anti-money-laundering standards, making financial supervision in China more modern, precise, and effective.