在烏克蘭透過代孕將小孩帶回台灣的流程涉及複雜的法律、行政與安全因素。這主要包括親子關係認定、國籍與入籍程序，以及海外操作的安全風險。截至2026年初，雖然台灣《人工生殖法》已擴大適用對象至單身女性及女同志配偶，但對「代理孕母」的規範仍未完全整合，形成跨國代孕操作上的法律模糊地帶。

首先，法律上的親子關係認定是返台程序的關鍵。對於委託父親而言，必須進行DNA親子鑑定，以證明與孩子具有基因血緣關係。根據《中華民國國籍法》第2條，只要證明有血緣，即可認定孩子擁有台灣國籍。母子關係則較為複雜。台灣法律採「分娩者為母」原則，代孕子女與委託母親的法律關係不自動成立。如果烏克蘭出生證明已直接登記委託父母為法定父母，並經駐外館處驗證，可直接認定親子關係；若未如此，委託母親可能需透過認領或收養程序完成法律承認。

返台手續方面，首先需完成文件驗證，取得烏克蘭當局核發的出生證明，並透過我國駐外館處（通常為駐俄羅斯代表處或兼轄館處，也可在波蘭辦理）完成驗證。接著，家長需在海外協助孩子申請中華民國護照。持護照入境後，須向內政部移民署申請「定居證」，取得定居證後，再到戶政事務所辦理「初設戶籍登記」以完成入籍手續。整個流程涉及多部門協作，文件缺一不可。

此外，跨國代孕返台亦面臨多重風險。烏克蘭境內仍受烏俄戰爭影響，戰事可能導致出生證明核發延遲、醫院受損或外館驗證受阻。仲介糾紛也是常見問題，過往案例顯示，一旦與仲介發生商業爭議，家長可能無法及時取得必要文件。交通配套亦需注意，如果2026年民航尚未恢復烏克蘭直航，家長可能需經由波蘭、斯洛伐克等鄰國陸路接領孩子，同時遵守當地入境簽證規定（如 ETIAS 系統）。

因此，建議有意進行跨國代孕返台的家庭，務必先諮詢外交部領事事務局或長期協助代孕家庭的專業法律團體，確認最新的文件格式、法律要求與安全注意事項，以避免程序延誤或法律爭議。跨國代孕返台不僅是行政流程問題，更涉及親子法律認定、戰爭風險與跨境法律責任的多重挑戰，需要謹慎規劃與全面準備。

The process of bringing children born via surrogacy in Ukraine back to Taiwan involves complex legal, administrative, and safety considerations. This primarily concerns the recognition of parent-child relationships, nationality and registration procedures, as well as the practical and security risks of operating abroad. As of early 2026, although Taiwan’s Artificial Reproduction Act has expanded to include single women and same-sex female couples, regulations regarding “surrogate mothers” remain only partially integrated, creating legal ambiguities in cross-border surrogacy operations.

First, the legal recognition of parent-child relationships is a critical step in returning to Taiwan. For the commissioning father, a DNA test is required to prove genetic kinship with the child. According to Article 2 of Taiwan’s Nationality Act, as long as a genetic relationship is established, the child can be recognized as having Taiwanese nationality. Mother-child recognition is more complicated. Taiwanese law follows the principle that the birth-giver is the legal mother, meaning the surrogate child does not automatically have a legal relationship with the commissioning mother. If the Ukrainian birth certificate lists the commissioning parents as legal parents and has been verified by a Taiwanese representative office, parent-child recognition can be granted directly; otherwise, the commissioning mother may need to complete legal recognition through adoption or acknowledgment procedures.

Regarding the procedure for returning to Taiwan, document verification is the first step. A birth certificate issued by the Ukrainian authorities must be obtained and verified through Taiwan’s representative office abroad (usually the Taipei Representative Office in Russia or another jurisdiction like Poland with consular responsibility). Next, the parents must assist the child in applying for a Republic of China (Taiwan) passport overseas. Upon entering Taiwan with the passport, they must apply to the National Immigration Agency for a “residence certificate.” Once the residence certificate is granted, they can complete the “initial household registration” at the household registration office to finalize the child’s nationality registration. This process involves multiple agencies, and all documents are essential.

Moreover, cross-border surrogacy returns to Taiwan carry multiple risks. Ukraine remains affected by the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war, which may delay the issuance of birth certificates, damage hospitals, or complicate verification by representative offices. Disputes with intermediaries are also common; past cases show that commercial conflicts with agencies can prevent parents from obtaining the necessary documents in time. Transportation logistics must also be considered. If direct flights to Ukraine have not resumed in 2026, parents may need to enter via neighboring countries such as Poland or Slovakia, while complying with local entry requirements (e.g., ETIAS system).

Therefore, families intending to pursue cross-border surrogacy in Ukraine and return their children to Taiwan are strongly advised to consult the Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ Bureau of Consular Affairs or professional legal groups experienced in assisting surrogacy families. This ensures that the latest document requirements, legal obligations, and safety precautions are fully understood. Cross-border surrogacy return involves not only administrative procedures but also complex challenges regarding parent-child legal recognition, war-related risks, and international legal responsibilities, requiring careful planning and comprehensive preparation.