俄羅斯的石油出口正面臨前所未有的壓力，原因在於烏克蘭近期對其能源基礎設施發動一系列密集襲擊，導致出口能力大幅受限。據業界人士估計，受無人機攻擊和主要輸油管道破壞影響，再加上一部分油輪被扣押，俄羅斯目前的石油出口能力可能已下降約40%。

此次襲擊的主要目標為列寧格勒州的兩大出口樞紐──普里莫爾斯克港 和烏斯季盧加港。自3月22日起，這兩個港口已暫停原油與燃料出口作業，每日受影響的出口量超過170萬桶，形成明顯的供應缺口。

這一局勢對全球能源市場造成連鎖反應。此前，伊朗關閉荷姆茲海峽已使全球能源供應緊張，而俄羅斯出口受阻更進一步加劇市場對原油短缺的擔憂。市場分析指出，如果港口設施長期受損，全球原油流向可能被迫重新調整，進而推高運輸成本與運費，對國際能源市場造成深遠影響。

Russia’s oil exports are facing an unprecedented crisis due to a series of intensive attacks by Ukraine on its energy infrastructure, which have significantly reduced its export capacity. Industry estimates suggest that, compounded by drone strikes, damage to major oil pipelines, and the detention of some tankers, Russia’s current oil export capability may have been reduced by approximately 40%.

The main targets of these attacks are two key export hubs in Leningrad Oblast: Primorsk Port and Ust-Luga Port. Since March 22, both ports have suspended crude oil and fuel exports, affecting more than 1.7 million barrels per day and creating a significant supply gap.

This situation is triggering a chain reaction in global energy markets. Previously, Iran’s closure of the Strait of Hormuz had already tightened worldwide supply, and the disruption of Russian exports has further heightened concerns over potential shortages. Market analysts warn that if the port facilities remain damaged for an extended period, global crude flows may need to be reallocated, driving up shipping costs and freight rates, with far-reaching implications for the international energy market.